What Are the Best Accounting Essay Topics?

What Are the Best Accounting Essay Topics?Every career fair includes a lot of different accounting essay topics. However, the number of people at the entrance and afterwards is not only limited to the accounting major. Sometimes people enter or leave their careers because of certain conditions that influence the business ethics.There are various types of accounting essay topics that are carefully considered by interviewers and career professionals. The purpose of these essay topics are to determine whether you are qualified or not. Some of these essays may be written by the candidates themselves but this is more common in career fairs where the employers are looking for work-related and experience-based essays. In fact, some employers may provide coaching or help writing the paper if they feel it is a good idea for their organization.If you think that you can write something useful about the subject matter, go ahead and start writing. After all, this is a chance for you to learn and gain new skills. However, before you can provide the best essay for your professional interview, you have to go through the qualifying guidelines.The first thing that you need to understand is that there are four types of essays. It may seem confusing, but they all have the same basic concept. Of course, the type of essay that you will write is determined by the type of employer or company that you are interviewing for. You can then choose which essay you want to write depending on your specific scenario. The type of essay that you write also depends on the audience that you will be speaking to.Usually, the first type of essay that you will write is the short essay. In this essay, you will mainly focus on the substance of the article. On the other hand, the longer essay is more related to the business or organization. Since this essay is longer, you can easily talk about why the company is in a certain position and provides the reasons why they should be made.You can also write for the purpose of serving as a guest lecturer at an upcoming career fair. Some institutions will also want to write this type of paper for internal purposes. In fact, many business centers will have their staff become guest lecturers at different fairs and expositions. The more impressive and professional the paper that you write, the better it is for the company that offers the job. Most businesses also require that the academic and other essays they offer are written by students at specific universities.For some reason, employers still look into the type of paper that is submitted by job seekers and recommend them. However, the better essays usually get a higher rank in the mix because they can also provide more information that will make the employer more interested. Since the employer does not have to do a written interview, they can be more relaxed. Besides, these essays will offer more information to the employer about the working environment of the company.

My Cultural Identity Free Essays

string(145) " the concept underlying the word aâ‚ ¬\? patriotismaâ‚ ¬\? is not that easy, but I am sure that patriotism is a great source of misunderstandings\." Defining my own cultural identity by Stefanie A–ttl Culture is one of the most difficult concepts in the human social sciences and there are many different ways of defining it. It is often argued that culture is a learned behaviour pattern shared by a specific group of people. Culture is about shared meanings, and language is the privileged medium in which meaning is produced and exchanged. We will write a custom essay sample on My Cultural Identity or any similar topic only for you Order Now People sharing one culture interpret the world in roughly the same way. Defining my own cultural identity seems to me quite difficult. I actually have to admit that I am not quite sure which culture I belong to. I was born in Austria but my father comes from South Tyrol, the northern part of Italy, where Italian and German are spoken. Therefore I have Italian nationality but I have only some basic knowledge concerning the language. Although I live in Austria, there are still some traditions and cultural aspects in my family that are not Austrian. Not only is there some Italian influence, but also Canadian due to the fact that my motheraâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stepmother is British but emigrated to Canada. I havenaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t got Canadian nationality, but I was brought up bilingually (German/English). Furthermore I spent half a year living in Chile and therefore I was influenced by the Chilean way of life. Understandably I sometimes get quite confused about which culture I really belong to. There are several parameters for defining oneaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s culture, such as nationality, language, the country you live in, gender, social class, occupation, interests, educational levelaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. But the question is, which of these parameters is to be considered the most important. I have Italian nationality, but due to the fact that I donaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really know the language I donaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really feel Italian or aâ‚ ¬? Southern Tyrolianaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. And although I am not Canadian by citizenship I sometimes feel more at home there because of the language. Still, concerning some traditional aspects, I am more familiar with the aâ‚ ¬? South Tyrolianaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ ones but I donaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really feel that I belong there because I donaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t know Italian nor do I really speak German with a aâ‚ ¬? South Tyrolianaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ accent. I believe that not knowing the language could be seen as a barrier keeping me from really experiencing Italian culture. I strongly believe that one can somehow adopt a culture by learning specific behaviour patterns, values, moralities or more precisely, a certain way of life. I experienced this while living in Chile and I can say for sure that it was far more difficult to adjust to a new way of living and learn how to react in certain situations than learning the foreign language. Despite all these influences of different cultures, I still feel very Austrian due to the fact of actually living in this country. The parameters which I believe to be very important in order to define your culture are first of all the is the country you live in because your culture depends very much on what is happening around you. The second important aspect is language through which thoughts, ideas and feelings of a certain culture are represented. The least important thing in my opinion is the nationality because I believe this to be a very official way of defining your culture. But, as I already mentioned, I sometimes donaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really know which culture I really belong to. I believe I am a mixture of all of them. Understanding home by Michael Pelitz â€Å"the night is your friend, your only friend the center stage, a moonscape as you walk. alk your head is a thread; your head’s a thread the eye of the needle becomes indistinct we’re just a sadder song away we’re just a sadder song away the mountaintops, the rainbow drops the fires from the temples and palaises. hurray the hierarchy that swallows me the pavement emptied out by night we’re just a sadder song away we’re just a sadder song away we’re off to understanding home we’re off to understanding home we’re off to understanding home we’re just a sadder song away† Just as I reached Radetzkyplatz, passing by the Hotel Garni Lind, aâ‚ ¬? Understanding Homeaâ‚ ¬? ept rotating in my disc player. aâ‚ ¬? aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦The center stage, a moonscape as you walkaâ‚ ¬?. The display warns: aâ‚ ¬? BATTERY LOWaâ‚ ¬? , but Alexaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ apartment is right across the square, so I decided not to worry about it. I suddenly remembered a letter I read on the internet, written by an Austrian social worker after his return from his social service year at the Holocaust Memorial Center in Detroit: aâ‚ ¬? When being abroadaâ‚ ¬? , he wrote, aâ‚ ¬? you become a true patriotaâ‚ ¬?! He stayed in the U. S. during the international crusade against the Austrian government in 2001. I started to remember all these artists who cancelled their concerts in Austria, and every single e-mail I had to send to my American friends, explaining aâ‚ ¬? the situationaâ‚ ¬?. And I had to think about all these desperate and aggressive anti-Moslem e-mails my mum received from a friend of hers who lives in Virginia, fearing that her son might not return from Iraq safely. I glanced over my shoulder to check on the traffic lights. Red. Suddenly I was confused, even a bit aggressive. I felt terribly blank despite the music, or maybe, because of the music. The whole world (including me) seems to be talking about sending, I thought! Sending e-mails, sending troops, sending messages, sending money, sending support, sending social workers. Mobility is the keyword of our times. Nobody seems to be talking about the sense of belonging. aâ‚ ¬? You become a true patriotaâ‚ ¬? , returns to my mind. I thought of how much I detest the concept of patriotism. To me, patriotism leads to flag-waving, flag-waving gives beautiful pictures, beautiful picture are very likely to be shown in the news, satellites enable worldwide broadcasts within milliseconds, and the media have an incredible manipulating impact. I know the concept underlying the word aâ‚ ¬? patriotismaâ‚ ¬? is not that easy, but I am sure that patriotism is a great source of misunderstandings. You read "My Cultural Identity" in category "Papers" The next moment I pictured myself at the soccer stadium singing the national anthem. Again, it leaves me confused. I felt exhausted. It has been a long day. An estimated 750 metres, the way from the U4-metrostation LandstraAYer HauptstraAYe to here, lay behind me. Another two and a half miles to the 23 rd district, where Iaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ve parked my car, 102 kilometres to MA? zzuschlag, my hometown, an additional 87 kilometres to Graz, the city where I live, and yet another 8944 km to Portland/Oregon, the place where I spent the most wonderful year imaginable, describe my route. I think about my travels, the times I was sent, the times I mobilized. The batteries ran out on the final lines of the song. I would have loved to listen to the outro and the repetition of the chorus. I pushed the doorbell and heard the buzzing of reality. Maybe all of this is not as contradictory as I thought. Maybe the understanding of our cultural identity needs to aâ‚ ¬? travel lightaâ‚ ¬? in order to find its way back home. And in its backpack it carries all the concepts we fear, detest or treasures so much. aâ‚ ¬? Weaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re off to understanding homeaâ‚ ¬? , I repeated, as suddenly the front door opened and I entered the building. Cultural Identity by Ana Flac A couple of years ago I found myself wandering between cultures, customs and different traditions. At the beginning of this â€Å"cultural voyage† I was torn between contradictions which forced me to ask myself: Who am I? What makes me a Croatian? Six years ago a specific incident happened in Osijek which triggered off these thoughts . Morete mi reci da ide vlak za Cakovec? (Could you tell me when the next train goes to Cakovec? ), I asked a railway man as I was on my way home, after I had taken my entrance exam at Osijek University in 1998. The friendly man smiled and begged my pardon. He did not quite understand me. At this point I realized that I was no longer in my home town in Medjimurje and that all the competence I had in speaking my dialect which I’m so proud of could constitute a burden rather than a merit. This was the first time I perceived myself as being different from other people in Croatia. Some of my fellow students in Osijek rejected their dialect but I was proud of it and it made me somehow stand out from the crowd so I could be easily identified by it. I realized that my Medjimurian dialect was a part of my cultural identity. As time passed by I got to know many different people from the Slavonic region, their customs and their way of living. Since this region was greatly affected by the war, a very critical attitude towards Serbs had developed there. Most of the inhabitants often expressed their fury mostly against Serbs and emphasized Pan-Croatian nationalism. I noticed I wasn’t prepared to emphasize a Pan-Croatian position and I didn’t want to perceive the whole Serbian nation so destructively. I just couldn’t identify myself with all this Pan-Croatian nationalism and I mainly disagreed with people who had this kind of attitude. I kept my distance and withdrew into my regional cultural frames. After having spent two years in Osijek, I continued my studies in a completely different country, in Austria. I was very much excited about the new faces and new culture I was about to meet. And then one day I encountered a girl on the campus and we started talking. I found the conversation quite neat. Apart from other things, she wanted to know where I come from so I told her I was from Croatia. Ah, aus Kroatien.. those were the next words she said. They sounded strange, as if she got the whole picture of me when she found out about my origin. At this moment I realized there was not only no place left for my Medjimurian identity, which I am extremely proud of, but there was also hardly even any left for my Croatian identity. I was differentiated from other students by labels such as another ex-Yugoslavian or inhabitant of the Balkans. For the first time in my life I felt ashamed of my nationality. And from that moment on I was somehow torn between my Medjimurian pride and the feeling of shame for who I was in Austria. I was trapped in some generalized prejudices about myself that I did not want to have anything to do with. My identity was on the verge of being formed by some stereotypic views which I could not accept. But inspite of all these confrontations and contradictions I had to face and which scared me and disoriented me at first, they were also the one that gave me strength and motivated me to figure out who I really am. My Cultural Identity by Camilla Leimisch If someone asked me if I was proud to be Austrian or Finnish, I would not answer aâ‚ ¬? Yesaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ right away. Iaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ve always felt that proud was not the appropriate word to describe my feelings towards the country where I was born or the country where I grew up, because I find it hard to be proud of something that I did not decide or that I did not achieve on my own. But I do not want to be misunderstood: I am proud of my parents to whom I owe my bilingualism and who introduced me to both cultures right from the start (Finnish from my mother and Austrian from my father). I am also happy to have kept this bilingualism and I consider myself lucky to have two native countries. Although I was born in Finland and I was only two years old when my family moved to Austria, I have never considered Finland to be my second home country, in the sense of second best. This is because I have a family there, too, and I spend every summer in Finland. This is also because my mother took care that I did not forget my Finnish roots in Austria, so I could develop feelings of the same value for both of the countries, as well as an understanding of cultural awareness that is closely connected to the feeling of home. As I see it, not only my nationality is an important part of my cultural identity, but also what I have done and what I am doing in my country and in its society. Austria is the country where I live and study. As my main subject is music, and Austria is a country of great musicians, music has become a big part not only of my personal but also of my cultural identity. I also appreciate Austrian folk music which I consider a very relevant and unique cultural tradition in the country. With Finland, itaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s different. Iaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢d rather identify myself with Finnish people than with Austrian people. It is not easy to explain why. All I can say is that Finnish people are very attached to nature, and that I often share their moments of melancholy which are even more intense when they are far away from their own country. Iaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ve already said that I am happy about my bilingualism. In fact, language is an important parameter for defining my cultural identity, because other people also define or identify you by the way you speak. Certainly you become most aware of your language when you find yourself in a foreign country where no-one speaks your language. What Iaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ve noticed is that if you are among people who do not only speak differently, but also behave differently and look different from you, you suddenly distinguish yourself culturally from the others, and your cultural identity becomes much more evident. The frequently asked question about whether I feel more Austrian or more Finnish is not easy to answer. I am not 100% Austrian and not 100% Finnish. But I think that this diversity which has shaped my personality is also the key to my cultural identity. How to cite My Cultural Identity, Papers

Personal Skills Management

Questions: Task 1a. Reflect on your own personal skills and competences against professional standards and that of Zedexs organizational objectives to determine whether you are up to date and confident enough to match their expectations using the Career Edge questionnaire.b. Evaluate your own development needs and the activities required to meet them to be in a position to contribute to Zedexs history of continuous innovation as well as the specific job requirements.c. Devise a personal and professional development plan based on your identified needs.d. Reflect on own developmental progress against the original aims and objectives set in the personal and professional development plan. Task 2a. Identify the Communications need within an organizational context and come up with the appropriate styles to adopt within 3 levels of the organisationb. Demonstrate in writing how effective time management strategies will help your small team of three become efficient and comply with the clear desk policyTask 3a. Describe how you select and maintain a team that is fit for purpose. b. Discuss alternative ways to complete tasks and achieve team goals.Task 4a. Review tools and methods for developing solutions to problemsb. Develop an appropriate strategy for Zedex that will help its IT helpdesk respond to its high volume of IT queries on time.c. Evaluate the potential impact the above strategy will have on the company in the long term. Answers: Task 1 a. Reflect own personal skills and competencies against professional standards and organizational objectives Eun, (2011) opined that employability is the desired set of skills and knowledge that can make an individual successful in acquiring the desired and suitable career option, which will benefit the individual, organization and the community. Wilkinson, Bristol and Ponte, (2013) argued that pursuing a vocational course would not ensure suitable employability opportunity for the individuals rather; the individual will have to develop the required job skills, attributes and techniques in order to secure employability. Pool and Sewell, (2007) proposed the CareerEdge model that designs the four main facets of a graduates employment development namely Experience (Work and Life), Degree and subject knowledge, Generic skills and Emotional Intelligence. As per Forbes, the number of graduates in UK and Europe has increased from 1 million to 1.5 million between 2001 and 2014. However, the UK unemployment rate has also increased from 5%to 7.8% and the UK youth unemployment has doubled by to 21%. T hus, in order to secure graduate job position market it is necessary for all individual graduates to conduct a CareerEdge survey which will make them aware of their personal skills. For the current job position in Zedex the following skills are required from the candidate: Experience in technical areas like Oracle database management systems Experience of Microsoft access, IT services, IT database market and trends, Windows, Linux and Unix Good time management skills and adaptive nature Reflect constructively on own work and able to improve efficiency and decision making ability Knowledge in IT core subjects The CareerEdge questionnaire of the individual shows the following scores: Career development learning = 29 out of 35 Experience (Work/Life) = 8 out of 14 Degree subject knowledge = 14 out of 14 Generic skills = 87 out of 112 Emotional Intelligence = 14 out of 21 Total score = 152 out of 196 The scores suggest that, the student needs to develop the experience level, which is very low. Depending upon the job profile of Zedex the major focus of the job profile is on the high experience in IT related functions and data processing systems. Thus, in order to be employable in this position, the individual needs to develop the key experiences. Moreover, the individual has scored low on team working skills, problem solving ability, independent working ability, and time management, degree of numeracy, formulation of new ideas, adaptability and degree of attention. Hence, it may be suitably suggested that as per the CareerEdge model, the candidate needs to focus on development of these personal skills in order to become suitably employable by Zedex. b.Evaluation of own development needs As per the Career Edge evaluation, the student needs to take developmental steps in the following skills areas. Team working: For developing effective team working skills, the students need to develop good listening and communication skills. Moreover, the individual should develop self-motivation and should be able to successfully motivate and inspire the other team members. According to Wermke, (2011) development of interpersonal skills such as good negotiation power, interpretation and advising capability are necessary for the individual student to become a good team member. Problem solving ability: Development of problem solving ability is possible if the individual student keeps an open and stable mindset. Evans, (2011) stated that come of the major emotional characteristics that needs to be developed are sense of empathy, situational thinking skills, analytical skills and good communication skills for developing problem solving ability. Adaptability: Adaptability and flexibility is the key skill that makes a particular student desirable for employability. Zedex being an innovation related company, flexibility is the key determinant for the employability issues in Zedex. The student needs to develop the ability of continuous learning of new IT tasks and programs that will help the student to stay ahead of the problems (Doe, 2013). Flexibility within the character is also essential since the student employed with Zedex needs to adapt to the companys innovative culture. Degree of attention: Attention and memory are the two mental skills that are directly required for an IT professional for effective functioning of the services. The current job position in Zedex requires the student to demonstrate Data administration along with technical management of oracle database management. Hence, the student requires high level of attention and concentration. The student can use puzzle games, crossword games, video games and meditation activities in order to increase the attention levels and improve memory conditions. Idea innovation: Activities of Zedex shows spirit of innovative ideas like issue of credit cards, cash point machines and setting up of carbon- neutral debit card. Thus, for maintaining their competitive position in the IT and banking industry, the company requires high level of innovation. Thus, the student should develop high thinking skills. For development of thinking skills, the student practice solving practical IT cases and participate in virtual IT games that will require the student to use IT ideas and knowledge (Farr, 2011). c. Devise a personal and professional development plan What are my development Objectives? What activities do I need to achieve my objectives? What support/resources will I need? What are the successful criteria? Target date of achieving my objectives Developing time management skills Splitting of tasks into divisible parts Allocation of time to each task for prompt delivery Prepare a schedule for task delivery Practice wide range of activities within a given schedule Take the help of books Use a datasheet to review the performance against the timeline Within 1 to 2 months Develop team work skills Participate in classroom projects and develop team work skills Work as team members in community services Take help from friends in understanding how to effectively work in teams. Use the review of the co team workers to judge the effectiveness in the quality of team work Within 2 months Development of IT management and innovation skills Make extensive reading about the IT topics Use IT software like oracle and data base management systems in practical cases Take formal training from IT specialization classes Take help of reading materials and e-learning materials Take advice from professional experts and IT teachers Use examinations, assessment criteria and professional grading to understand the standard and value of knowledge input and output levels. Within 6 months d. Reflect own development against original aims and objectives As per the organizational objectives of Zedex, the candidates joining the company should be innovative in their working approach, experienced in the field of database management and software management, effective team working skills and time management skills for successful and quick delivery of the projects as per stringent deadline (Field, 2011). Thus, depending on the organizational goals, the individual will have to concentrate on the formulation of the developmental strategies. The individual student will work on the PDP-plan-target-completion dates so that the successful completion of the skill development process can be ensured. The current situation of the student shows that the student has achieved the time management skills within 1.5 month. However, it is seen that the student takes around 3 months to develop the team working skills. Although the developments of the team working skills are time consuming however, the assessment reports are also not in favor of the students progress. Further, the development processes of the IT skills are also lengthy and the student has taken around 9 months to effectively grasp the overall knowledge (Wilkinson, Bristol and Ponte, 2013). Task 2 a. Effective communication styles According to Dance, (2013) four different types of communication channels are generally present in an organization namely upward flow, downward flow, lateral movement and grapevine communication. The three major levels within Zedex includes the upper level management comprising of the senior managers and the CEO of the company, followed by the middle level management comprising of the project managers, marketing managers, finance managers and IT managers. The middle level managers provide directions to the lower level managers comprising of the junior employees, team leaders and Graduate trainees. In order to ensure timely delivery of the projects within the given deadline the employees at Zedex adopt the three formal communication channels namely the horizontal communication, vertical communication and diagonal communication styles. The lower level employees are however seen to engage in intervals grapevine communication channels among themselves. In Zedex, the vertical communication network includes upward and downward communication channels. The CEO and the senior level employees use the downward communication channels like memorandum, organization policies, board meetings and emails to communicate the details about project urgency to the middle level managers. These information are further communicate to the team leaders via portals and mails so that the project work can be started and completed within the given deadline. The vertical communication style also includes the upward communication channels which is used by the employees of Zedex to successfully provide feedback, post enquiries, make suggestions and report grievances to the upper and the middle level managers. The use of complaint box, peer reviews and annual meetings helps the employees in Zedex to communicate upward with the senior and the middle level employees (Frost, 2012). Horizontal communication takes place between the same level subordinates especially in the middle organizational level of Zedex. The project managers use the reporting channels along with oral conversation, telephonic interaction, mail chain message system and social media chats for coordinating with the marketing, finance and IT managers in order to ensure successful use of resources and completion of the project as pr the deadlines. In the lower levels of Zedex high range of grapevine communication is present. Carpenter, (2012) stated that the informal communication between the employees, project workers, team leaders and the graduate trainees enables them to successfully discuss their innovative thinking process, discuss the ways in which the project can be easily completed and helps in assembling of the desired project resources. Guillory, (2012) stated that grapevine communication is an informal communication channel and involves gossip and group discussions among the lower level employees. b. Effective time management strategies According to Hudson, (2013) clear desk policy is the corporate directive that requires all employees within an organization to clear their working burden on a daily basis of monthly basis within the office working hours. In Zedex, the clarity of the daily deadline projects is the most important part of the clear desk policy of the organization. Ters, (2014) suggested that adoption of this policy ensures high degree of professionalism on the part of the organization and helps the organization to avoid over burdening of the office works. The Clear desk policies reat present highly motivated by ISO 27001 and Data Protection act. In Zedex a small team of three project members should adopt the following time management strategies for ensuring the clear desk policy. Formulate a list of the priority functions as per the deadline and the importance of the completion of the functions Create a separate physical inbox for storage of the incoming important papers that are required to be cleared Make division of work between the three members The first team member should be given the responsibility to check and clear the papers within the physical inbox on a daily basis The second team member will be responsible for acceptance and allocation of deadline projects and preparation of the chart including the priority activities The third team member will be responsible for the monitoring of the project resources and the checking of the project progress in order to ensure project completion within the allocated timeline (Graal, 2012) These time management strategies will help the team of three members to successfully control the burden of work pressure and maintain an effective clear desk policy within Zedex. Task 3 a. Selection and maintenance of teams When a team is assembled for achievement of an organizational objective, the best, innovative, educated and brightest individuals are generally selected for the purpose (Carpenter and Krutka, 2014). Zedex, which is primarily a project-oriented organization, generates teams for fulfilling the strategies and completion of the projects. Collin, Van der Heijden and Lewis, (2012), state that a project team in Zedex generally comprises of five members including a team leader and at least one new graduate trainee. The inclusion of the graduate trainee ensures that on-the job training will be sufficiently provided to the new trainee. For the synergy effect and ensure high innovation levels, the teams generally formed within Zedex are cross-functional teams. Jamieson, (2012) stated that depending on the project complexity and the personnel job-role requirement, the team members are selected within the project team of Zedex. The process of team selection should thus involve the following steps : Listing of the job requirements for the project Short-listing of the skills required from the cross-functional team members select the new trainees based on their strengths and job skills select one personnel from each department namely the finance, marketing, IT and the general project department while forming the team Allocate jobs according to job skills to the team members Before addition of the new member, the opinion about the team members should also be taken about the skills of the new team member (Institute of Leadership Mana, 2012) The effective team management is possible on availing of the following strategies by the team within Zedex. Maintain effective communication channels like open communication between all team members and the team leaders. The communication channels should include daily briefings, feedback and suggestions between the team members so that any problem can be avoided between the team members (Huang, 2012). The training and developmental strategies should be adopted within the teams for ensuring innovation among the team members. moreover the cross-functional team will also include a new trainee and hence daily training along with the project completion will help the trainee together sufficient knowledge about the IT projects at Zedex (Wilkinson, Bristol and Ponte, 2013) The team leaders are required to deliver good situational leadership skills, which will enable the team members to be effective in taking situational decisions. The innovation and the changing business scenarios within Zedex will require situational leadership from the team leaders so that the tasks can be completed within the given deadline (Burns, 2012). The team members should also develop listening and observation skills so that the team may seem approachable by the other management levels of the organization. In this respect, the team members should adopt flexibility and engage in continuous improvement for the purpose of effective team maintenance. The use of the relevant motivational techniques will help the team leader to manage the team members effectively. The motivational techniques should include both monetary and non-monetary strategies like motivational speeches, incentive payments, performance appraisals, promotions, rewards and appreciation from the team leaders and the team performers equally. b. Alternative ways of completing tasks and goals achievement In general, cross-functional teams usually the team leader is responsible for the guidance and the direction of the goals and tasks that are required to be completed. However, Jones and OBrien, (2011) argued that depending on the nature of the tasks, the team can also include distributed leadership strategy. In these types of team, the alternative methods of shared leadership, shared responsibility, shared communication and commitment to team plan are followed for achievement of the team goals. Lange and Meaney, (2013) commented that these teams are less common compared to the nominated leadership team; however, these strategies enable the team in achieving of the goals in a combined manner. The collaborative approach in these types of teams goes beyond the traditional process of job allocation. O'Clair, (2013) stated that these processes are more sensitive to the process of team development and knowledge sharing. The team members in absence of any particular leadership strategy will adopt the participative or shared leadership. In case of creative projects like those engaged in by Zedex, these types of team formations are ideal because formation of creative teams without any leaders will help the team members to make open flow of ideas, suggestions and strategies that will help in achievement of the innovative project result. Ravet, (2012) further opined that this alternative leadership strategy would ensure shared decision-making, combined monitoring of the progress and quality of the project, shared responsibility for resolving conflict, managing, and meeting deadlines with the help of combined effort. This strategy not only helps in successful completion of the project but also helps in increasing the information level and responsiveness of the team members. The absence of any particular team leader will ensure that the team members will handle the project work efficiently and will deliver the project without failure since the team members are accountable to each other if the project is not completed within the allocated timeline. Task 4 a. Review of tools and methods for development of solutions to problems Wilkinson, Bristol and Ponte, (2013) problem solving is a major part for the success of any organization. An organization may face various problems in respect to customer management, employee management, product and supply chain management, project management and query management within the organization. McGee, (2012) stated that the organizations thus have to adopt different strategies for solving different types of problems. The employee problems may include interpersonal or communication problems, which can be solved using the open communication tools. Bender, (2012) defined a managerial problem as a gap between the current state of company affairs and the desired state of company affairs. In such a context to resolve the gap the effective use of total quality management is necessary within the organizations. The managers adopt the problem-solving framework for solving the problems effectively. The major steps of the framework include: Problem identification Problem verification Problem definition Root-cause analysis Alternative generation Evaluation of alternatives Implementation of the alternatives Review of the implemented solutions Institutionalization and control over the implemented solutions (Wilkinson, Bristol and Ponte, 2013) These steps within an organization help the manager to identify and verify the importance of the problem. The root cause analysis shows the manager the major cause behind the generation of the problem. The alternative generation involves finding of more than one solution to the problem. The generation of the alternatives will help the manager to evaluate among the chosen alternatives and select the best out of all the alternatives. Finally, the most suitable solution is implemented and reviewed in order to judge the effectiveness of the problem-solving tool. The final step is highly necessary for the managers because only implementation of the problem solving tools will not give any benefit to the organization. Hence the last stage includes control and monitoring of the implemented solutions for avoiding any further problem within the organization. b. Appropriate strategy for IT helpdesk Zedex is a primary dealer of IT services. The introduction of the credit card, net banking, cash point machines and websites offering carbon neutral debit card, the companys IT department and the IT help desk will have to cater to the needs to the customers 247. Some of the major challenges faced by the IT help desk of Zedex are timely response to the customer queries, managing the customer transactions online, lack of effective guidance for online transactions on the website and over the customer service phone calls and increment in the level of customer wait time making the company incur huge monetary loss. OBrien, (2011) stated that an effective IT help desk not only delivers effective operations but also ensures that the workload flowing through the process is value added and improving the productivity that will add more than the costs incurred by the company. Thus, Zedex in order to effectively manage the Help desk volume should manage three major operations namely Manage the transaction volume Manage the transaction pattern Manage the transaction time The management of the transaction volume will include reduction of the number of transactions presented to the department reduces the total workload of the IT help desk of Zedex. The management of the volume during the peak load is a challenging concept for the help desk. In this regard the company during the peak seasons should employ contractual IT customer care representatives for a contract of 6 months that will enable the IT staffs to manage the peak load. The employment of additional help desk staffs will ensure prefect division of the work load and Zedex can renew or dissolve the contract after 6 months when the peak season is over as per the convenience of the organizational needs. However, Wilkinson, Bristol and Ponte, (2013) if workload cannot be managed then, management of transaction patter is possible. This strategy can be adopted in two major ways namely by diverting the customer calls from the peak to non-peak seasons or by engagement of additional shits. The diversion of the customer calls from the peak to the non-peak season will involve leveraging the IVR on the website and online transaction portals to enable the customer to choose a call back option at non-peak times. Moreover, OBrien and Jones, (2014) the IT help desks can also smooth or shift calls stating reasons like upgrading and system changes. These strategies will tend to reduce some of the calls from the non-frequent customers. Apart from this inclusion of additional shifts will also ensure that the peak load of the customer calls can be reduced. The last strategy includes management of transaction time. This strategy involves two major steps. Firstly, increasing the productivity of the employees and secondly, increasing the resources required to reduce the customer waiting time. Bates, (2012) stated that user training is a major part of this strategy. Zedex should include training strategies like software training on shrink-wrapped PC, computer literacy, increment of speed so that the workload can be managed. The help-desk support staff should also increase the resources for the IT help desk staffs. This will help the company to manage the work-load. c. Impact of the strategy in long term policies of company This strategy will help the company to become productive and will further help the company to increase the value of the products and the goodwill of the company. The major focus of the strategy is to derive cost benefit for the company. The cost of the company incurred for using the additional resources and employing of the additional employees on a contractual basis will be high. Hence, the productivity of the employees in terms of handling the queries and keeping the customers satisfied will help Zedex to derive high levels of profit. The development of the IT help desk will help the company to strengthen their relationship with the customers. If the IT customer care is able to effectively solve the queries and the problems of the customers then the customer base of Zedex will also increase and this will contribute the organizational growth and profit of the company. The major focus of the strategy is on the long term benefit of the company and thus the adoption of these strategies will contribute significantly to the fulfillment of the same. Alexandrou and Swaffield, (2012) stated that since Zedex is a banking company dealing in financial aservices hence it is necessary for the company to maintain cordial relationship with the existing and the potential customers in order to effectively cater to the profit levels. The management of the workload during the peak seasons will also reduce the work pressure over the operational agents of the IT help desk making it convenient for them work in a cordial environment. This will help the company to become strategically successful in both long and short run. The IT helpdesk is also responsible for the management of the issues and the complaints of the customers thus it is essential in the context of Zedex to maintain a productive IT help desk in order to maintain long-term profitability. References Alexandrou, A. and Swaffield, S. (2012). Teacher leadership and professional development: perspectives, connections and prospects.Professional Development in Education, 38(2), pp.159-167. Bates, T. (2012). Professional learning in professional communities: the ultimate goal.Professional Development in Education, 38(4), pp.511-516. Bender, E. (2012). Building Leadership Skills One Resident at a Time.Psychiatric News, 47(3), pp.30-30. Burns, M. (2012). Immersive Learning for Teacher Professional Development.eLearn, 2012(4), p.1. Carpenter, J. and Krutka, D. (2014). Engagement through microblogging: educator professional development via Twitter.Professional Development in Education, pp.1-22. Carpenter, S. (2012). NSF Gives Clinical Students a Shot At Winning Graduate Fellowships.Science, 336(6084), pp.972-972. Collin, K., Van der Heijden, B. and Lewis, P. (2012). Continuing professional development.International Journal of Training and Development, 16(3), pp.155-163. Dance, A. (2013). Graduate students: Structured study.njobs, 493(7431), pp.259-261. Doe, J. (2013). Mott Award Honors Top Graduate Students.CSA News, 58(5), p.30. Eun, B. (2011). A Vygotskian theoryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based professional development: implications for culturally diverse classrooms.Professional Development in Education, 37(3), pp.319-333. Evans, J. (2011). What expert teachers do: enhancing professional knowledge for classroom practice.Professional Development in Education, 37(4), pp.640-641. Farr, J. (2011). Critical practice in teacher education. A study of professional learning.Professional Development in Education, 37(4), pp.639-640. Field, K. (2011). Reflection at the heart of effective continuing professional development.Professional Development in Education, 37(2), pp.171-175. Field, K. (2012). Smart leadership for higher education in difficult times.Professional Development in Education, 38(1), pp.153-154. Frost, D. (2012). From professional development to system change: teacher leadership and innovation.Professional Development in Education, 38(2), pp.205-227. Frost, D. (2012). From professional development to system change: teacher leadership and innovation.Professional Development in Education, 38(2), pp.205-227. Graal, N. (2012). Continuing professional development in the lifelong learning sector.Professional Development in Education, 38(1), pp.154-155. Graal, N. (2012). Continuing professional development in the lifelong learning sector.Professional Development in Education, 38(1), pp.154-155. Guillory, J. (2012). [1996] Preprofessionalism: What Graduate Students Want.Profession, 2012(1), pp.169-178. Huang, Y. (2012). Transitioning Challenges Faced by Chinese Graduate Students.Adult Learning, 23(3), pp.138-147. Hudson, P. (2013). Mentoring as professional development: growth for both mentor and mentee.Professional Development in Education, 39(5), pp.771-783. Institute of Leadership Mana, (2012).Managing Time Super Series. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Jamieson, A. (2012). The upside to part-time work is that it can enhance nursing skills.Nursing Standard, 27(12), pp.26-26. Jones, K. and OBrien, J. (2011). Professional development in teacher education: European perspectives.Professional Development in Education, 37(5), pp.645-650. Lange, T. and Meaney, T. (2013). Professional development facilitators: reflecting on our practice.Professional Development in Education, 39(4), pp.531-549. McGee, A. (2012). Realizing the power of professional learning.Professional Development in Education, 38(4), pp.694-695. OBrien, J. (2011). Continuing professional development for Scottish teachers: tensions in policy and practice.Professional Development in Education, 37(5), pp.777-792. OBrien, J. and Jones, K. (2014). Professional learning or professional development? Or continuing professional learning and development? Changing terminology, policy and practice.Professional Development in Education, 40(5), pp.683-687. O'Clair, K. (2013). Preparing graduate students for graduateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ level study and research.Reference Services Review, 41(2), pp.336-350. Ravet, J. (2012). From interprofessional education to interprofessional practice: exploring the implementation gap.Professional Development in Education, 38(1), pp.49-64. Ters, H. (2014). Collaborative online professional development for teachers in higher education.Professional Development in Education, pp.1-18. Wermke, W. (2011). Continuing professional development in context: teachers' continuing professional development culture in Germany and Sweden.Professional Development in Education, 37(5), pp.665-683. Wilkinson, J., Bristol, L. and Ponte, P. (2013). Professional development: Education for All as praxis.Professional Development in Education, 39(4), pp.451-454.

Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society Essay Example

Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society Paper When a gangster is constantly nagged, abused, condemned and neglected by the society, one turns into a bitter individual. Heartfelt care and concern, an understanding approach, and tender regard for one’s feelings are necessary pre-requisites to heal the inner wounds. Coupled with this, one needs to learn to forgive and forget gangster’s past in order to help one build a new identity. One’s being a gangster is not important; how one became the gangster is the issue. Inequality in society and the related economic, social maladies are the root causes of the criminal activities by the gangsters. The inner core of every human being is essentially divine, even of the worst villain. It just needs to be revealed to help one align oneself with the true personality. Apart from the legal strategies, community-based interventions are necessary to prevent the downward march of the gangster to help to shape as a worthy individual/ citizen and create favorable conditions to jo in the mainstream of the society. Randall G. Shelden holds Doctorate in Sociology from the Southern Illinois University. He specializes in subjects like gangs, female crime and delinquency, crime control and history of criminal justice and he is therefore eminently suited to write the book on youth gangs. In the book, â€Å"Youth Gangs in American Society†, the authors have done research and survey on the basis of the existing literature as for the origin of gangs and their activities in America. The root cause for gangs sprouting up, gang typographies etc are discussed. Gangs have a peculiar culture surrounding them. They have a system of working, their own traditions and unwritten rules of mutual interaction. They are loyal within their ‘own society’.   Given proper chance and avenues of rehabilitation, they are willing and wish to change. Barring a few exceptions, to which criminality is the way of life, others are pushed to the fold of gangs due to circumstances beyond their control. The des perate situations in their lives made them so. Contrary to popular belief that the gangster is a rough and tough individual, there is no denying the fact that an intensely shattered personality lies within the four walls of the prison, when a gangster is arrested and imprisoned, and his psyche needs constant care. Upon acquittal or on release, he has to restart and rebuild his life from the scratch that too amidst a society that is not likely to assimilate him easily and willingly. Whether guilty or not guilty, the prison stamp shall remain for ever on the forehead of the gangster. From where does he get the strength to erase it or will he not mind the impression of additional stamps? A gangster needs the assurance from the society that there is a life outside the gang-life and it is worth a fair try. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Gang members belong mostly to the combustible younger generation. They are there because they are not accepted and wanted elsewhere. The authors provide authentic clues to the structural, historical, and cultural context for the birth of gangs. A gang must have a leader to plan strategies and execute them. The authors write, â€Å"A stereotype of the gang leader is someone who is tough, with a long criminal history, and who has strong influence over a long period of time.†(Shelden,   2000, p.36). Just as there are local level problems and national level problems, gangs have a similar identity and the treatment to them needs to be on similar lines at the appropriate levels. Urban gangsters have become a â€Å"class† to themselves. The educated youngsters taking up this mode to become gangsters is the highly disturbing trend. When other than economic factors contribute to the birth and growth of the gang culture, the managers of the society in political, social or relig ious areas, should do concrete thinking   to arrest the trend. The birth of â€Å"girl gangs† is a matter for concern. The steady growth of gangs in Los Angeles, Milwaukee and Chicago and the manner in which they control the underworld activities all over the country, calls for national level strategies to counter them, according to the authors. Piece-meal approach on the basis of victims and the victimizers is no permanent solution to the issue. The psychological and social components need to be clearly identified and continuous long term projects be evolved to give attention to the issues on perennial basis. Nine categories of gangs have been broadly identified by the authors. They are: Hedonistic/social gangs, party gangs, instrumental gangs, predatory gangs, scavenger gangs, serious delinquent gangs, territorial gangs, organized/corporate gangs and drug gangs. (Shelden, 2000, p, 37-38) Gang-culture is nothing new. In good old days, they operated in the jungles and we have often read in fables about the gangs robbing the high-way travelers. Now their presence is in the concrete-jungles and they operate using modern methods and weapons. At the end of the American Revolution, gangs sprouted in New York City and Philadelphia. Their numbers and consequently the number of violent incidents increased in proportion to the levels of immigration and major population shifts in 1800s, 1920s, 1960s and 1990s. The globalization concept has caught up with the gangs speedily and that is the real threat to Nations. So, discussion on issues related to gang culture has often been in the agenda at interna tional forums. Gangs were once not more 10-15 member outfits. Now they have established themselves into international criminal networks with affiliation. Two important Hispanic gangs, Calle 18 and Mara Salvatrucha, established in Los Angeles in 1960s have fraternal links to about 300,000 members in Central America and Mexico. Apart from cities, these gangs are deeply entrenched in the rural areas. About the type of gang members, the authors write, â€Å"The most common method of distinguishing among different gang members is the base on the degree of attachment to, and involvement in, the gang. It might be useful to think of a continuum from complete involvement.†(Shelden,   2000, p.38). The activities of the gangs are the same old stories through the Ages like   extortion, smuggling, arms and drugs trafficking and armed robbery (also bank robberies).When two or more neighboring nations have common porous borders, the operations of the gangs becomes   easy. Rules and regulations vary f rom one country to another.   Countries concerned may not have extradition treaty to secure the deportation of a particular gang leader. The terrorist links with the drug-traffickers has added new dimension to the problem. Such activities are related to social as well as security threat for the Nations. The political leadership in a particular country may overtly or covertly patronize a particular gang to secure political advantage and cause problems for the unfriendly country. The octopus-like growth of gangs needs to be controlled by treating the basic causes. Cosmetic approach to the issue will aggravate the situation is USA. The root causes, like economic reforms, new employment generating schemes and policies and on the operational side, better co-operation, monitoring and exchange of information at the local and national levels, to deny space for gang activities, periodical meeting and better co-ordination amongst the law enforcement agencies and above all, strict monitoring of the entry and movement of the migrant labor force, are some of the steps needed. The co-operative security links between he neighboring countries also needs to be strengthened. The unabated growth of the number of gangs demands serious attention of all wings of administration. The number of cities that had gang problems in the year 1970 was 270. In 1998, they were 2500, the growth rate being more than 800%.The National Youth Gang survey of 2002 reveals that there were 21,500 gangs with the active membership of 731,500. 85% of the gang members reside in 4 large cities. Conclusion: The US administration is seized of the issue at the highest level. The U. S. Department of Justice’s Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention has initiated programs such as parent training, re-entry programs, tracking of former offenders, job programs for youth, truancy and dropout prevention, etc. Private sectors programs like Boys and Girls Clubs have helped to rehabilitate the street children. In 2005, President George Bush pledged $150 million over three years to faith-based and community groups to help the troubled youth. Randall G Sheldon’s book takes a comprehensive look about the Youth Gangs in American Society, by elaborately discussing   subjects like, what do gangs and gang members look like, the gang structure, criminal activities of gangs, girls and gangs, why are there gangs, gangs in context: inequality in American Society, Community-based and national intervention strategies, legal intervention strategies etc. Human Society today is confro nted with grave and dangerous challenges. The gang culture concerns both internal and external affairs administration of a country. We need to sharpen our insight into the essence of situations we are in and to comprehend better the root causes of the current crises, if we are to set correctly the problems related to the gangs. In the process of industrialization, urbanization and globalization, the human communities have lost sight of common values in forming a cohesive whole and, as a result, all sorts of social contradictions and conflicts manifest themselves. A sense of collectivity is disappearing, ethical norms are tattered; and such social ills as environmental decay, poverty, racial and social discrimination, and violence, which threaten co-prosperity of humanity, are all the more prevalent. Chapters 7 and 8 of the book specially look into this aspect of the gang culture. Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society Essay Example Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society Essay When a gangster is constantly nagged, abused, condemned and neglected by the society, one turns into a bitter individual. Heartfelt care and concern, an understanding approach, and tender regard for one’s feelings are necessary pre-requisites to heal the inner wounds. Coupled with this, one needs to learn to forgive and forget gangster’s past in order to help one build a new identity. One’s being a gangster is not important; how one became the gangster is the issue. Inequality in society and the related economic, social maladies are the root causes of the criminal activities by the gangsters. The inner core of every human being is essentially divine, even of the worst villain. It just needs to be revealed to help one align oneself with the true personality. Apart from the legal strategies, community-based interventions are necessary to prevent the downward march of the gangster to help to shape as a worthy individual/ citizen and create favorable conditions to jo in the mainstream of the society. Randall G. Shelden holds Doctorate in Sociology from the Southern Illinois University. He specializes in subjects like gangs, female crime and delinquency, crime control and history of criminal justice and he is therefore eminently suited to write the book on youth gangs. In the book, â€Å"Youth Gangs in American Society†, the authors have done research and survey on the basis of the existing literature as for the origin of gangs and their activities in America. The root cause for gangs sprouting up, gang typographies etc are discussed. Gangs have a peculiar culture surrounding them. They have a system of working, their own traditions and unwritten rules of mutual interaction. They are loyal within their ‘own society’.   Given proper chance and avenues of rehabilitation, they are willing and wish to change. Barring a few exceptions, to which criminality is the way of life, others are pushed to the fold of gangs due to circumstances beyond their control. The des perate situations in their lives made them so. Contrary to popular belief that the gangster is a rough and tough individual, there is no denying the fact that an intensely shattered personality lies within the four walls of the prison, when a gangster is arrested and imprisoned, and his psyche needs constant care. Upon acquittal or on release, he has to restart and rebuild his life from the scratch that too amidst a society that is not likely to assimilate him easily and willingly. Whether guilty or not guilty, the prison stamp shall remain for ever on the forehead of the gangster. From where does he get the strength to erase it or will he not mind the impression of additional stamps? A gangster needs the assurance from the society that there is a life outside the gang-life and it is worth a fair try. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary the book entitled `Youth Gangs in American Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Gang members belong mostly to the combustible younger generation. They are there because they are not accepted and wanted elsewhere. The authors provide authentic clues to the structural, historical, and cultural context for the birth of gangs. A gang must have a leader to plan strategies and execute them. The authors write, â€Å"A stereotype of the gang leader is someone who is tough, with a long criminal history, and who has strong influence over a long period of time.†(Shelden,   2000, p.36). Just as there are local level problems and national level problems, gangs have a similar identity and the treatment to them needs to be on similar lines at the appropriate levels. Urban gangsters have become a â€Å"class† to themselves. The educated youngsters taking up this mode to become gangsters is the highly disturbing trend. When other than economic factors contribute to the birth and growth of the gang culture, the managers of the society in political, social or relig ious areas, should do concrete thinking   to arrest the trend. The birth of â€Å"girl gangs† is a matter for concern. The steady growth of gangs in Los Angeles, Milwaukee and Chicago and the manner in which they control the underworld activities all over the country, calls for national level strategies to counter them, according to the authors. Piece-meal approach on the basis of victims and the victimizers is no permanent solution to the issue. The psychological and social components need to be clearly identified and continuous long term projects be evolved to give attention to the issues on perennial basis. Nine categories of gangs have been broadly identified by the authors. They are: Hedonistic/social gangs, party gangs, instrumental gangs, predatory gangs, scavenger gangs, serious delinquent gangs, territorial gangs, organized/corporate gangs and drug gangs. (Shelden, 2000, p, 37-38) Gang-culture is nothing new. In good old days, they operated in the jungles and we have often read in fables about the gangs robbing the high-way travelers. Now their presence is in the concrete-jungles and they operate using modern methods and weapons. At the end of the American Revolution, gangs sprouted in New York City and Philadelphia. Their numbers and consequently the number of violent incidents increased in proportion to the levels of immigration and major population shifts in 1800s, 1920s, 1960s and 1990s. The globalization concept has caught up with the gangs speedily and that is the real threat to Nations. So, discussion on issues related to gang culture has often been in the agenda at interna tional forums. Gangs were once not more 10-15 member outfits. Now they have established themselves into international criminal networks with affiliation. Two important Hispanic gangs, Calle 18 and Mara Salvatrucha, established in Los Angeles in 1960s have fraternal links to about 300,000 members in Central America and Mexico. Apart from cities, these gangs are deeply entrenched in the rural areas. About the type of gang members, the authors write, â€Å"The most common method of distinguishing among different gang members is the base on the degree of attachment to, and involvement in, the gang. It might be useful to think of a continuum from complete involvement.†(Shelden,   2000, p.38). The activities of the gangs are the same old stories through the Ages like   extortion, smuggling, arms and drugs trafficking and armed robbery (also bank robberies).When two or more neighboring nations have common porous borders, the operations of the gangs becomes   easy. Rules and regulations vary f rom one country to another.   Countries concerned may not have extradition treaty to secure the deportation of a particular gang leader. The terrorist links with the drug-traffickers has added new dimension to the problem. Such activities are related to social as well as security threat for the Nations. The political leadership in a particular country may overtly or covertly patronize a particular gang to secure political advantage and cause problems for the unfriendly country. The octopus-like growth of gangs needs to be controlled by treating the basic causes. Cosmetic approach to the issue will aggravate the situation is USA. The root causes, like economic reforms, new employment generating schemes and policies and on the operational side, better co-operation, monitoring and exchange of information at the local and national levels, to deny space for gang activities, periodical meeting and better co-ordination amongst the law enforcement agencies and above all, strict monitoring of the entry and movement of the migrant labor force, are some of the steps needed. The co-operative security links between he neighboring countries also needs to be strengthened. The unabated growth of the number of gangs demands serious attention of all wings of administration. The number of cities that had gang problems in the year 1970 was 270. In 1998, they were 2500, the growth rate being more than 800%.The National Youth Gang survey of 2002 reveals that there were 21,500 gangs with the active membership of 731,500. 85% of the gang members reside in 4 large cities. Conclusion: The US administration is seized of the issue at the highest level. The U. S. Department of Justice’s Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention has initiated programs such as parent training, re-entry programs, tracking of former offenders, job programs for youth, truancy and dropout prevention, etc. Private sectors programs like Boys and Girls Clubs have helped to rehabilitate the street children. In 2005, President George Bush pledged $150 million over three years to faith-based and community groups to help the troubled youth. Randall G Sheldon’s book takes a comprehensive look about the Youth Gangs in American Society, by elaborately discussing   subjects like, what do gangs and gang members look like, the gang structure, criminal activities of gangs, girls and gangs, why are there gangs, gangs in context: inequality in American Society, Community-based and national intervention strategies, legal intervention strategies etc. Human Society today is confro nted with grave and dangerous challenges. The gang culture concerns both internal and external affairs administration of a country. We need to sharpen our insight into the essence of situations we are in and to comprehend better the root causes of the current crises, if we are to set correctly the problems related to the gangs. In the process of industrialization, urbanization and globalization, the human communities have lost sight of common values in forming a cohesive whole and, as a result, all sorts of social contradictions and conflicts manifest themselves. A sense of collectivity is disappearing, ethical norms are tattered; and such social ills as environmental decay, poverty, racial and social discrimination, and violence, which threaten co-prosperity of humanity, are all the more prevalent. Chapters 7 and 8 of the book specially look into this aspect of the gang culture.

The Restoration of Europes Old Order by 1950 essays

The Restoration of Europes Old Order by 1950 essays Prior to 1914 Europe had particular settled order as regards geographical occupation of territory and also the system of alliances. After 1914 this order was not only unsettled but shattered. In this essay this order will be explored with reference to social, economical, geographical and political features and will also investigate whether or not this order was restored in any way or form by the 1950s. The essay will also investigate the continent in different ways but mainly focusing on the shift in world powers and world domination, the democratic versus communism conflict and the beleaguered and devastated nations across Europe. In the years previous to the beginning of the First World War an order among the European countries developed quite evidently. Apart from the prominent geographical features the order of alliances shaped the continent at this time. Therefore when examining the order the central powers and the allied powers must be examined separately. The central powers namely Germany and Austria-Hungary dominated the vast majority of central and Eastern Europe. Their Triple Alliance agreement aligned to tie the two nations to Italy in the event of warfare completed one part of the bisected old order. Britain, France and Russia combined formed the allied side of the division. Their Triple Entente formed the opposition to the central powers. This alliance created severe advantages particularly geographically as the central powers found themselves sandwiched by the allies. When examining as to whether or not the old order was restored in Europe by 1950 one of the foremost features that should be examined is the geographical changes that occurred in the thirty-six years between the beginning of the First World War and 1950 as Hobsbawm remarked that The Second World War was a lesson in World Geography and true to ...

The Restoration of Europes Old Order by 1950 essays

The Restoration of Europes Old Order by 1950 essays Prior to 1914 Europe had particular settled order as regards geographical occupation of territory and also the system of alliances. After 1914 this order was not only unsettled but shattered. In this essay this order will be explored with reference to social, economical, geographical and political features and will also investigate whether or not this order was restored in any way or form by the 1950s. The essay will also investigate the continent in different ways but mainly focusing on the shift in world powers and world domination, the democratic versus communism conflict and the beleaguered and devastated nations across Europe. In the years previous to the beginning of the First World War an order among the European countries developed quite evidently. Apart from the prominent geographical features the order of alliances shaped the continent at this time. Therefore when examining the order the central powers and the allied powers must be examined separately. The central powers namely Germany and Austria-Hungary dominated the vast majority of central and Eastern Europe. Their Triple Alliance agreement aligned to tie the two nations to Italy in the event of warfare completed one part of the bisected old order. Britain, France and Russia combined formed the allied side of the division. Their Triple Entente formed the opposition to the central powers. This alliance created severe advantages particularly geographically as the central powers found themselves sandwiched by the allies. When examining as to whether or not the old order was restored in Europe by 1950 one of the foremost features that should be examined is the geographical changes that occurred in the thirty-six years between the beginning of the First World War and 1950 as Hobsbawm remarked that The Second World War was a lesson in World Geography and true to ...

The Restoration of Europes Old Order by 1950 essays

The Restoration of Europes Old Order by 1950 essays Prior to 1914 Europe had particular settled order as regards geographical occupation of territory and also the system of alliances. After 1914 this order was not only unsettled but shattered. In this essay this order will be explored with reference to social, economical, geographical and political features and will also investigate whether or not this order was restored in any way or form by the 1950s. The essay will also investigate the continent in different ways but mainly focusing on the shift in world powers and world domination, the democratic versus communism conflict and the beleaguered and devastated nations across Europe. In the years previous to the beginning of the First World War an order among the European countries developed quite evidently. Apart from the prominent geographical features the order of alliances shaped the continent at this time. Therefore when examining the order the central powers and the allied powers must be examined separately. The central powers namely Germany and Austria-Hungary dominated the vast majority of central and Eastern Europe. Their Triple Alliance agreement aligned to tie the two nations to Italy in the event of warfare completed one part of the bisected old order. Britain, France and Russia combined formed the allied side of the division. Their Triple Entente formed the opposition to the central powers. This alliance created severe advantages particularly geographically as the central powers found themselves sandwiched by the allies. When examining as to whether or not the old order was restored in Europe by 1950 one of the foremost features that should be examined is the geographical changes that occurred in the thirty-six years between the beginning of the First World War and 1950 as Hobsbawm remarked that The Second World War was a lesson in World Geography and true to ...